Adolph Cornelis 'Dolf' van Bruggen (9 July 1929 – 3 June 2016)Breure A. S. H. (5 June 2016
"A.C. (Dolf) van Bruggen (1929-2016)"
Bram's snailblog, accessed 5 June 2016. was a Dutch

malacologist Malacology is the branch of invertebrate zoology that deals with the study of the Mollusca (mollusks or molluscs), the second-largest phylum of animals in terms of described species after the arthropods. Mollusks include snails and slugs, clams, ...

entomologist Entomology () is the scientific study of insects, a branch of zoology. In the past the term "insect" was less specific, and historically the definition of entomology would also include the study of animals in other arthropod groups, such as arach ...

, and

botanist Botany, also called , plant biology or phytology, is the science of plant life and a branch of biology. A botanist, plant scientist or phytologist is a scientist who specialises in this field. The term "botany" comes from the Ancient Greek wo ...

. His interest in the

tropics The tropics are the regions of Earth surrounding the Equator. They are defined in latitude by the Tropic of Cancer in the Northern Hemisphere at N and the Tropic of Capricorn in the Southern Hemisphere at S. The tropics are also referred to ...

and

tropical Africa Although tropical Africa is mostly familiar to the West for its rainforests, this biogeographic realm of Africa is far more diverse. While the tropics are thought of as regions with hot moist climates, which are caused by latitude and the trop ...

has dominated his broad scientific interest for more than 50 years now. He was an expert especially in the

land snail A land snail is any of the numerous species of snail that live on land, as opposed to the sea snails and freshwater snails. ''Land snail'' is the common name for terrestrial gastropod mollusks that have shells (those without shells are known as ...

families Streptaxidae,

Achatinidae Achatinidae (New Latin, from Greek "''agate''") is a family of medium to large sized tropical land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks from Africa. Well known species include ''Achatina achatina'' the Giant African Snail, and ''Lis ...

and

Maizaniidae Maizaniidae is a family of minute land snails with an operculum, terrestrial gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Cyclophoroidea (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005). This family has no subfamilies. Genera ...

. As of 2008, he had authored some 655 scientific publications.

Early years

Adolph Cornelis van Bruggen was born on 9 July 1929, the eldest son of A.C. van Bruggen, Sr. and A.C.G. van Bruggen-van Eyk Bijleveld. He spent his youth in

The Hague The Hague ( ; nl, Den Haag or ) is a city and municipality of the Netherlands, situated on the west coast facing the North Sea. The Hague is the country's administrative centre and its seat of government, and while the official capital of ...

. Natural history and particularly animals always caught his attention. His father was a high-ranked civil servant at the

Ministry of Education, Culture and Science The Ministry of Education, Culture and Science ( nl, Ministerie van Onderwijs, Cultuur en Wetenschappen; OCW) is the Dutch Ministry responsible for education, culture, science, research, gender equality and communications. The Ministry was cre ...

. The

Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie The Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie (National Museum of Natural History) was a museum on the Rapenburg in Leiden, the Netherlands. It was founded in 1820 by Royal Decree from a merger of several existing collections. This happened on the initi ...

was administered by that ministry at the time, and when he graduated from the

Gymnasium Haganum The Gymnasium Haganum is one of the oldest public schools in the Netherlands, located in the city of The Hague. First mentioned in 1327, the school is currently housed in a monumental Renaissance Revival architecture building, built in 1907. It ...

in The Hague in 1949, his father introduced him to Dr.

Carel Octavius van Regteren Altena Carel is a given name, and may refer to: Arts * Carel Blotkamp, Dutch artist and art historian * Carel de Moor, Dutch etcher and painter * Carel Fabritius, Dutch painter and one of Rembrandt's most gifted pupils * Carel van Mander, Flemish painter ...

(1907–1976), curator of Mollusca at the museum, who stimulated his interest in

malacology Malacology is the branch of invertebrate zoology that deals with the study of the Mollusca (mollusks or molluscs), the second-largest phylum of animals in terms of described species after the arthropods. Mollusks include snails and slugs, clams, ...

. At

Leiden University Leiden University (abbreviated as ''LEI''; nl, Universiteit Leiden) is a Public university, public research university in Leiden, Netherlands. The university was founded as a Protestant university in 1575 by William the Silent, William, Prince o ...

Dolf studied

systematic botany Plant taxonomy is the science that finds, identifies, describes, classifies, and names plants. It is one of the main branches of taxonomy (the science that finds, describes, classifies, and names living things). Plant taxonomy is closely allied ...

animal ecology Ecology () is the study of the relationships between living organisms, including humans, and their biophysical environment, physical environment. Ecology considers organisms at the individual, population, community (ecology), community, ecosy ...

and systematic zoology. In 1956 he graduated, after three years as an assistant to Prof. Dr.

Hilbrand Boschma Hilbrand Boschma (22 April 1893 – 22 July 1976) was a Dutch zoologist and director of the Rijksmuseum of Natural History in Leiden. Boschma studied botany and zoology at the University of Amsterdam. He went to the former Dutch East Indies, ...

(1893–1976), the director of the Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie, who taught Systematic Zoology at Leiden University. The start of van Bruggen's malacological career can be dated back to 1948, when he became a member of the

Dutch Malacological Society The Nederlandse Malacologische Vereniging (NMV), known in English as the Netherlands Malacological Society or the Dutch Malacological Society, is a non-profit organisation based in the Netherlands. It is a society devoted to malacology (the study of ...

(NMV). His first malacological publication, in Dutch, appeared in 1948 in the Dutch journal '' De Levende Natuur''; a short note reporting a find of the marine bivalve '' Anomia ephippium'', an uncommon species in the Netherlands. His very first publication had appeared earlier in the same year in the same journal; it reported a sighting of

seals Seals may refer to: * Pinniped, a diverse group of semi-aquatic marine mammals, many of which are commonly called seals, particularly: ** Earless seal, or "true seal" ** Fur seal * Seal (emblem), a device to impress an emblem, used as a means of a ...

and a

horse mackerel Horse mackerel is a vague vernacular term for a range of species of fish throughout the English-speaking world. It is commonly applied to pelagic fishes, especially of the Carangidae (jack mackerels and scads) family, most commonly those of the gen ...

on a Dutch beach. It was also in Leiden that van Bruggen met his wife, Wenda van Bruggen-Gorter. She became painfully aware of his malacological interests when one day on their honeymoon in Switzerland, they were returning home late in the evening and Dolf found a beautiful specimen of the slug ''

Limax cinereoniger ''Limax cinereoniger'' is a large species of air-breathing land slug in the terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk family Limacidae, the keelback slugs. This is the largest land slug species in the world. Originally intending to depart to the

Dutch East Indies The Dutch East Indies, also known as the Netherlands East Indies ( nl, Nederlands(ch)-Indië; ), was a Dutch colony consisting of what is now Indonesia. It was formed from the nationalised trading posts of the Dutch East India Company, which ...

(now

Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guine ...

) after his studies, this became impossible when the former Dutch colony declared independence on 27 December 1949. Since Dolf had a firm interest in the tropics, the van Bruggens decided to move to Africa instead.

In Africa (1957–1966)

They sailed to

South Africa South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the southernmost country in Africa. It is bounded to the south by of coastline that stretch along the South Atlantic and Indian Oceans; to the north by the neighbouring countri ...

, stopping on their way at the remote Atlantic island of

St Helena Saint Helena () is a British overseas territory located in the South Atlantic Ocean. It is a remote volcanic tropical island west of the coast of south-western Africa, and east of Rio de Janeiro in South America. It is one of three constitu ...

, in May 1957. Dolf had to make breakneck manoeuvres to reach the shore with a ‘klepdoos’ (a sweeping separator), thought by fellow-travellers to be a Geiger counter. In South Africa, Dolf had accepted a job at the Ministry of Agriculture in Pretoria. There he was charged with the study of

insects Insects (from Latin ') are pancrustacean hexapod invertebrates of the class Insecta. They are the largest group within the arthropod phylum. Insects have a chitinous exoskeleton, a three-part body (head, thorax and abdomen), three pairs of j ...

and the problems they caused in warehouses. After three years he accepted the position of

Marine Biologist Marine biology is the scientific study of the biology of marine life, organisms in the sea. Given that in biology many scientific classification, phyla, family (biology), families and genera have some species that live in the sea and others th ...

and Curator at the newly erected

Oceanarium An oceanarium can be either a marine mammal park, such as Marineland of Canada, or a large-scale aquarium, such as the Lisbon Oceanarium, presenting an ocean habitat with marine animals, especially large ocean dwellers such as sharks. First ma ...

Port Elizabeth Gqeberha (), formerly Port Elizabeth and colloquially often referred to as P.E., is a major seaport and the most populous city in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. It is the seat of the Nelson Mandela Bay Metropolitan Municipality, Sou ...

. Since it was the first institute of its kind in Africa, there were many start-up problems. When, shortly afterwards, the Natal Museum in

Pietermaritzburg Pietermaritzburg (; Zulu: umGungundlovu) is the capital and second-largest city in the province of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. It was founded in 1838 and is currently governed by the Msunduzi Local Municipality. Its Zulu name umGungundlovu ...

offered him a position as curator of malacology, it was an offer he could not refuse. Both he and Wenda worked at the museum from 1962 to 1966; she as a

librarian A librarian is a person who works professionally in a library providing access to information, and sometimes social or technical programming, or instruction on information literacy to users. The role of the librarian has changed much over time, ...

and his personal assistant in the field. They frequently went out for fieldwork, taking the opportunity whenever the museum's

Land Rover Land Rover is a British brand of predominantly four-wheel drive, off-road capable vehicles, owned by multinational car manufacturer Jaguar Land Rover (JLR), since 2008 a subsidiary of India's Tata Motors. JLR currently builds Land Rovers ...

was available to make collection trips as far north as

Malawi Malawi (; or aláwi Tumbuka: ''Malaŵi''), officially the Republic of Malawi, is a landlocked country in Southeastern Africa that was formerly known as Nyasaland. It is bordered by Zambia to the west, Tanzania to the north and northeast ...

and

Zambia Zambia (), officially the Republic of Zambia, is a landlocked country at the crossroads of Central Africa, Central, Southern Africa, Southern and East Africa, although it is typically referred to as being in Southern Africa at its most cent ...

. Dolf always took notes in his fieldbooks, which became more elaborate over the years. His '' Africana Biologica'' now contains 1550 pages, in eight parts. During his African years he not only worked on insects and his favourite

snail A snail is, in loose terms, a shelled gastropod. The name is most often applied to land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs. However, the common name ''snail'' is also used for most of the members of the molluscan class Gastro ...

s, but also paid attention to the two other groups that had his firm interest: mammals and birds. He made many contacts with managers and rangers of

National Parks A national park is a natural park in use for conservation purposes, created and protected by national governments. Often it is a reserve of natural, semi-natural, or developed land that a sovereign state declares or owns. Although individual ...

, and became actively involved in

nature conservation Nature conservation is the moral philosophy and conservation movement focused on protecting species from extinction, maintaining and restoring habitats, enhancing ecosystem services, and protecting biological diversity. A range of values unde ...

. His stay amidst the African wildlife also further stimulated his interest in

zoo A zoo (short for zoological garden; also called an animal park or menagerie) is a facility in which animals are kept within enclosures for public exhibition and often bred for Conservation biology, conservation purposes. The term ''zoological g ...

s. In 1963, at the 125th anniversary of Artis Zoo in Amsterdam, Dolf sent a number of

rock hyrax The rock hyrax (; ''Procavia capensis''), also called dassie, Cape hyrax, rock rabbit, and (in the King James Bible) coney, is a medium-sized terrestrial mammal native to Africa and the Middle East. Commonly referred to in South Africa as the das ...

es (''

Procavia capensis The rock hyrax (; ''Procavia capensis''), also called dassie, Cape hyrax, rock rabbit, and (in the King James Bible) coney, is a medium-sized terrestrial mammal native to Africa and the Middle East. Commonly referred to in South Africa as the das ...

'') off by plane, as a gift from Dutch biologists working in South Africa. ‘Dear Dolf, it is time to return to Holland and to educate the students here with the many insights you have learnt in Africa.’ That was essentially the message that Prof. Dr Van der Vecht, chairing Systematic Zoology at Leiden University, sent to Dolf in the beginning of 1966. Some months later the van Bruggens sailed back to The Netherlands. Their cat travelled by plane and was hosted in

Diergaarde Blijdorp ( ''Blijdorp Zoo''), officially Rotterdam Zoo, is a zoo located in the northwestern part of Rotterdam. It is one of the oldest zoos in the Netherlands, and has been operated by the ("Royal Rotterdam Zoo Foundation"). Divided into several zoogeog ...

until they arrived.

In the Netherlands

In Leiden, Dolf was charged with the education of undergraduates in Systematic Zoology. In 1969 he received his

Ph.D. A Doctor of Philosophy (PhD, Ph.D., or DPhil; Latin: or ') is the most common degree at the highest academic level awarded following a course of study. PhDs are awarded for programs across the whole breadth of academic fields. Because it is ...

with the thesis '‘Studies on the land molluscs of Zululand with notes on the distribution of land molluscs in Southern Africa’'. His supervisor was Prof. Dr

Leo Brongersma Leo Daniel Brongersma (17 May 1907 in Bloemendaal, North Holland – 24 July 1994 in Leiden) was a Dutch zoologist, herpetologist, author, and lecturer. Brongersma was born in Bloemendaal, North Holland, and earned his PhD at the University of ...

, director of the Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie. Dolf arrived at the rise of '' The Roaring Sixties'' at the university, with students claiming more say and quickly becoming on familiar terms with their teachers. However, for most students he remained ‘Dr van Bruggen’ until they had finished their Ph.D. and were found to be at the same level. Nonetheless, his lectures were highly appreciated and much to his own surprise he was once voted "most popular teacher". Students received his almost yearly excursions to

Antwerp Zoo Antwerp Zoo ( nl, ZOO Antwerpen) is a zoo in the centre of Antwerp, Belgium, located next to the Antwerpen-Centraal railway station. It is the oldest animal park in the country, and one of the oldest in the world, established on 21 July 1843. ...

with much enthusiasm. Although officially employed by the University, his actual place of work was a few minutes away at the Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie. This enabled him to consult the extensive library and to work with the collection of the museum. Each year he and Wenda travelled to

London London is the capital and largest city of England and the United Kingdom, with a population of just under 9 million. It stands on the River Thames in south-east England at the head of a estuary down to the North Sea, and has been a majo ...

, to visit the

Natural History Museum A natural history museum or museum of natural history is a scientific institution with natural history collections that include current and historical records of animals, plants, fungi, ecosystems, geology, paleontology, climatology, and more. ...

and meet colleagues and friends. Besides his work he devoted much time to organisations which he felt needed his support. The Dutch Malacological Society (Nederlandse Malacologische Vereniging, NMV) benefitted most from his energy, where he served as Secretary (1953–1956), interim President (1970–1972) and Treasurer (1983–1986) on the Board. Incidentally, Wenda served also as Treasurer of the NMV during several years. Dolf was editor of the ''Correspondentieblad'' (1951–1953) and, after a short interruption, again from 1954 to 1956. Moreover, he acted for more than 40 years as editor and editor-in-chief of ''

Basteria ''Basteria'' is a bimonthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the Netherlands Malacological Society, covering research on molluscs. It was established in 1936 and is now published mostly in English. Since 2000, the editor-in-chief has ...

'', scientific journal of the Dutch Malacological Society (from 1968 to present). He was elected Honorary Member of the Society in 1999. Furthermore, he was President of the successful 7th International Malacological Congress in Amsterdam (1977), organized on behalf of Unitas Malacologica, the international organisation of malacologists. From 1989 to 1999, Dolf was chairman of the Netherlands Commission for International Nature Conservation, also serving as editor of its communications. Furthermore, he devoted energy to the Netherlands Zoological Society, the (former) Netherlands Foundation for Biological Research and the Dutch/Belgian Mammal Society. His interest in zoos is also demonstrated by his huge collection of zoo guides, for which he built a network of contacts all over the world. He retired in 1994, with a lecture entitled ''Semper aliquid novi ex Africam adferre'', which may be translated as "''there is always something new from Africa''", and which may be regarded as Dolf's personal motto. Afterwards he continued his studies as an associate of the Leiden museum, spending most of his days in the building at the Raamsteeg and later at the Darwinweg in Leiden, where he continues to study and publish on Mollusca and other topics. In 1973, Dolf and Wenda were asked by a relative to guide a

safari A safari (; ) is an overland journey to observe wild animals, especially in eastern or southern Africa. The so-called "Big Five" game animals of Africa – lion, leopard, rhinoceros, elephant, and Cape buffalo – particularly form an importa ...

Kenya ) , national_anthem = "Ee Mungu Nguvu Yetu"() , image_map = , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Nairobi , coordinates = , largest_city = Nairobi , ...

and

Tanzania Tanzania (; ), officially the United Republic of Tanzania ( sw, Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania), is a country in East Africa within the African Great Lakes region. It borders Uganda to the north; Kenya to the northeast; Comoro Islands and ...

. This became the start of an annual event that would last until 1990. The trips were soon organized by a

travel agency A travel agency is a private retailer or public service that provides travel and tourism-related services to the general public on behalf of accommodation or travel suppliers to offer different kinds of travelling packages for each destinatio ...

and a group of regularly participating people, some of whom have become intimate friends of the guiding couple. Each trip was carefully prepared, with a bibliography sent to the participants. Afterwards a list of all the observed mammals and birds was distributed additionally. After 1990, Dolf and Wenda made several private trips to southern Africa, visiting friends and relatives on their way. When Dai Herbert during their 2008 trip asked if Dolf would cooperate in revising some material collected in

Drakensberg Mountains The Drakensberg (Afrikaans: Drakensberge, Zulu: uKhahlambha, Sotho: Maluti) is the eastern portion of the Great Escarpment, which encloses the central Southern African plateau. The Great Escarpment reaches its greatest elevation – within th ...

, he wholeheartedly accepted the opportunity to continue with his great love: land snails of South Africa. He died 3 June 2016.

Bibliography

Dolf van Bruggen's wide interest in systematic biology and related fields are reflected in his numerous publications, which cover topics as diverse as marine and non-marine Mollusca, mammals, amphibians, reptiles, birds, insects, as well as zoo biology,

museum collection A museum is distinguished by a collection of often unique objects that forms the core of its activities for exhibitions, education, research, etc. This differentiates it from an archive or library, where the contents may be more paper-based, repla ...

bibliographic Bibliography (from and ), as a discipline, is traditionally the academic study of books as physical, cultural objects; in this sense, it is also known as bibliology (from ). English author and bibliographer John Carter describes ''bibliography ...

al matters, and historical accounts, apart from numerous book reviews and obituaries, to name only the fields on which he wrote more than a single contribution. The complete listing of his publication include 655 records up till 2008. The flow of publications over the years since 1948 continues to the present and has never been interrupted. Fluctuations in his production have been relatively small. On average, 11 papers appeared annually. There has never been a year with less than four papers and that happened only once. Dolf's most productive years (in number of papers) are 1960–1966, when he resided in South Africa; 1961 has been his most productive year with 23 papers. His most important scientific contributions concern the fields of

entomology Entomology () is the science, scientific study of insects, a branch of zoology. In the past the term "insect" was less specific, and historically the definition of entomology would also include the study of animals in other arthropod groups, such ...

and

botany Botany, also called , plant biology or phytology, is the science of plant life and a branch of biology. A botanist, plant scientist or phytologist is a scientist who specialises in this field. The term "botany" comes from the Ancient Greek w ...

. His botanical publications are restricted to the year 1958, when he published two systematic papers on

Sapotaceae 240px, '' Madhuca longifolia'' var. ''latifolia'' in Narsapur, Medak district, India The Sapotaceae are a family (biology), family of flowering plants belonging to the order (biology), order Ericales. The family includes about 800 species of ev ...

from

Borneo Borneo (; id, Kalimantan) is the third-largest island in the world and the largest in Asia. At the geographic centre of Maritime Southeast Asia, in relation to major Indonesian islands, it is located north of Java, west of Sulawesi, and eas ...

with the description of a new genus and two new species. His entomological production lasted longer, from 1954 to 1963. In this period, he published 18 papers, mainly on Ephemeroptera from

Southeast Asia Southeast Asia, also spelled South East Asia and South-East Asia, and also known as Southeastern Asia, South-eastern Asia or SEA, is the geographical United Nations geoscheme for Asia#South-eastern Asia, south-eastern region of Asia, consistin ...

and

New Guinea New Guinea (; Hiri Motu Hiri Motu, also known as Police Motu, Pidgin Motu, or just Hiri, is a language of Papua New Guinea, which is spoken in surrounding areas of Port Moresby (Capital of Papua New Guinea). It is a simplified version of ...

, and on

Diptera Flies are insects of the order Diptera, the name being derived from the Greek δι- ''di-'' "two", and πτερόν ''pteron'' "wing". Insects of this order use only a single pair of wings to fly, the hindwings having evolved into advanced ...

from southern Africa, thereby introducing 14 new species and two new genera. The vast majority of his scientific papers dealt with the systematics and

biogeography Biogeography is the study of the distribution of species and ecosystems in geographic space and through geological time. Organisms and biological communities often vary in a regular fashion along geographic gradients of latitude, elevation, ...

of the

Mollusca Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is esti ...

. In the early period of his career he published on both marine and non-marine taxa, but the former more or less stopped after 1963, possibly related to his move from a marine institute at

to the Natal Museum at

. Most of Dolf's scientific work has been devoted to

s, especially those from

subsaharan Africa Sub-Saharan Africa is, geographically, the area and regions of the continent of Africa that lies south of the Sahara. These include West Africa, East Africa, Central Africa, and Southern Africa. Geopolitically, in addition to the African ...

and the islands surrounding this continent. Although there are few families on which he has not published, there are three families that may be considered his particular area of expertise and fascination: the pulmonate families Streptaxidae and

and the operculate (caenogastropod) family

. The interest in the carnivorous family Streptaxidae was undoubtedly raised by Dolf's prolonged stay in South Africa, quite possibly inspired by

Matthew William Kemble Connolly Matthew William Kemble Connolly (13 February 1872 – 24 February 1947) was a British army officer and malacologist. Biography Connolly was born at Bath, the son of Vice-Admiral Matthew Connolly, R.N., and his wife Harriet Kemble. He was educate ...

’s (1939) impressive monograph on the South African non-marine Mollusca, in which a picture of an extremely diverse and aesthetically appealing streptaxid radiation was painted. In all, he described three new genera and 60 new species and subspecies of Streptaxidae, all but four from Africa. Achatinidae are a family of rather large land snails, and, in spite of their size, one that poses tremendous taxonomic problems, and Dolf is one of the few people who knows his way in the chaotic

taxonomy Taxonomy is the practice and science of categorization or classification. A taxonomy (or taxonomical classification) is a scheme of classification, especially a hierarchical classification, in which things are organized into groups or types. ...

of this group. He devoted various papers partly or wholly to the family and introduced six new species and subspecies. He was a friend of the recently deceased American Achatinidae specialist Albert Raymond Mead (1915–2009). They regularly exchanged opinions, but did not publish jointly. A third group that apparently has his special interest are the terrestrial operculates, formerly known as ‘

Prosobranchia Prosobranchia was a large taxonomic subclass of sea snails, land snails and freshwater snails. This taxon of gastropods dates back to the 1920s. It has however been proven to be polyphyletic (consisting of more than one lineage of descent). Gen ...

’, a heterogeneous assemblage of gastropods with an operculum and separate males and females (in contrast to the

hermaphrodite In reproductive biology, a hermaphrodite () is an organism that has both kinds of reproductive organs and can produce both gametes associated with male and female sexes. Many Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic groups of animals (mostly invertebrate ...

pulmonate land snails). Operculate gastropods appear to be particularly poorly represented in subsaharan Africa in comparison to other continents, especially tropical Asia. Since the early 1980s Dolf has taken it on him to revise the African representatives of this group, especially the families

and

Cyclophoridae Cyclophoridae is a taxonomic family of small to large tropical land snails with an operculum, terrestrial gastropod mollusks in the order Architaenioglossa belonging to the subclass Caenogastropoda (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropo ...

. This study resulted in the description of three new subgenera and ten new species (thereby doubling the number of African taxa known), and a series of papers with careful descriptions, keys and biogeographic analyses of the ‘prosobranch’ fauna in Africa and beyond.

Taxa described

New taxa described by Dolf van Bruggen include (with type locality listed):

Gastropods

Streptaxidae

* ''

Gulella adami ''Gulella'' is a genus of very small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Streptaxidae.MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Gulella L. Pfeiffer, 1856. Accessed through: World Register of Marine ...

'' van Bruggen, 1994 - Ivory Coast ôte d'Ivoire * ''

Gulella albinus ''Gulella'' is a genus of very small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Streptaxidae.MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Gulella L. Pfeiffer, 1856. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Spec ...

'' van Bruggen & Van Goethem, 1999 - D.R. Congo. * '' Gulella gwendolinae aldabrae'' van Bruggen, 1975 - Aldabra Is. eychelles * '' Ptychotrema altiplani'' van Bruggen, 1989 - Malawi. * '' Gulella appletoni'' van Bruggen, 1975 - South Africa. * '' Gulella aranearum'' van Bruggen, 1986 - Malawi. * '' Gulella augur'' van Bruggen, 1988 - Tanzania. * '' Austromarconia'' van Bruggen & de Winter, 2003 - type species ''Ennea hamiltoni'' Smith, 1897. * ''

Gulella barnardi ''Gulella'' is a genus of very small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Streptaxidae.MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Gulella L. Pfeiffer, 1856. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Spec ...

'' van Bruggen, 1965 - South Africa. * '' Gulella bernardi'' van Bruggen & van Goethem, 1997 - nom. nov. for '' Gulella sexdentata'' Taylor, 1880, non ''Gulella sexdentata'' (von Martens, 1869). * '' Gulella darglensis benthodon'' van Bruggen, 1980 - South Africa. * '' Gulella browni'' van Bruggen, 1969 - South Africa. * '' Careoradula'' Gerlach & van Bruggen, 1999 - type species ''Streptaxis'' (''Imperurbatia'') ''perelegans'' Martens, 1898. * '' Ptychotrema cazombense'' van Bruggen, 1989 - Angola. * '' Gulella ceciliae'' van Bruggen, 1971 - Rhodesia imbabwe * '' Ptychotrema collegarum'' van Bruggen, 1989 - Malawi. * ''

Gulella collicola ''Gulella'' is a genus of very small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Streptaxidae.MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Gulella L. Pfeiffer, 1856. Accessed through: World Register of Marine ...

'' van Bruggen, 1966 - Swaziland. * '' Diaphera connectens'' van Bruggen, 1974 - Philippines. * '' Gulella peakei continentalis'' van Bruggen, 1975 - South Africa. * '' Ptychotrema cossyphae'' van Bruggen, 1989 - Uganda. * '' Gulella cupula'' van Bruggen & van Goethem, 1999 - D.R. Congo. * ''

Gulella gouldi ''Gulella'' is a genus of very small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Streptaxidae.MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Gulella L. Pfeiffer, 1856. Accessed through: World Register of Marine ...

discriminanda'' van Bruggen, 1969 - South Africa. * '' Gulella ectodentata'' van Bruggen & van Goethem, 1999 - D.R. Congo. * ''

Gulella garambae ''Gulella'' is a genus of very small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Streptaxidae.MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Gulella L. Pfeiffer, 1856. Accessed through: World Register of Marine ...

'' van Bruggen & van Goethem, 1999 - D.R. Congo. * '' Ptychotrema glabellum'' van Bruggen, 1989 - Angola. * ''

Gulella guilielmi ''Gulella'' is a genus of very small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Streptaxidae.MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Gulella L. Pfeiffer, 1856. Accessed through: World Register of Marine ...

'' van Bruggen & van Goethem, 1998 - D.R. Congo. * '' Gulella herberti'' van Bruggen, 2004 - Swaziland. * '' Gulella hildae'' van Bruggen, 2001 - Malawi. * '' Streptostele inconspicua'' van Bruggen, 1964 - Mozambique. * '' Gulella incurvidens'' van Bruggen, 1972 - South Africa. * '' Gulella inobstructa'' van Bruggen, 1965 - South Africa. * '' Gulella insulincola'' van Bruggen, 1975 - Aldabra Is. eychelles * '' Ptychotrema interstriatum'' van Bruggen 1989 - Angola. * '' Gulella johannae'' van Bruggen, 2006 - South Africa. * ''

Gulella crassidens ''Gulella'' is a genus of very small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial animal, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Streptaxidae.MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Gulella L. Pfeiffer, 1856. Accessed through: World Reg ...

jonesi'' van Bruggen, 1969 - South Africa. * ''

Haploptychius juttingae ''Haploptychius'' is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Streptaxidae. MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Haploptychius Kobelt, 1905. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Specie ...

'' van Bruggen, 1972 - Indonesia. * '' Ptychotrema kalemiense'' Adam, van Bruggen & van Goethem, 1994 - Zaire .R. Congo * ''

Gulella lawrencei ''Gulella'' is a genus of very small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Streptaxidae.MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Gulella L. Pfeiffer, 1856. Accessed through: World Register of Marine ...

'' van Bruggen, 1964 - Mozambique. * ''

Gulella lievrouwi ''Gulella'' is a genus of very small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Streptaxidae.MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Gulella L. Pfeiffer, 1856. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Spec ...

'' van Bruggen & van Goethem, 1999 - D.R. Congo. * ''

Gulella loveridgei ''Gulella'' is a genus of very small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Streptaxidae.MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Gulella L. Pfeiffer, 1856. Accessed through: World Register of Marine ...

'' van Bruggen, 1996 - Malawi, (publication dated 18 December 1995, published February 1996). * '' Ptychotrema loveridgei'' van Bruggen, 1990 - Malawi. * '' Gulella vicina luci'' van Bruggen, 1980 - Rhodesia imbabwe * '' Gulella meredithae'' van Bruggen, 2000 - Malawi. * '' Streptostele meridionalis'' van Bruggen, 1966 - South Africa. = '' Streptostele herma'' Connolly, 1912, vide van Bruggen, 1967 * '' Gulella microrutshuruensis'' van Bruggen, 1995 - Malawi. * '' Ptychotrema multispiralis'' van Bruggen, 1989 - Malawi. * ''

Diaphera obliquapex Diaphera is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Diapheridae. MolluscaBase eds. (2020). MolluscaBase. Diaphera Albers, 1850. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://ww ...

'' van Bruggen, 1974 - Philippines. * ''

Gulella obstructa ''Gulella'' is a genus of very small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Streptaxidae.MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Gulella L. Pfeiffer, 1856. Accessed through: World Register of Marine ...

'' van Bruggen, 1965 - South Africa. * '' Diaphera palawanica'' van Bruggen, 1974 - Philippines. * '' Stereostele nevilli parvidentata'' Gerlach & van Bruggen, 1999 - Seychelles. * '' Gulella peakei'' van Bruggen, 1975 - Aldabra Is. eychelles * '' Ptychotrema pervagatum'' van Bruggen, 1989 - Malawi. * ''

Edentulina dussumieri ''Edentulina'' is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Streptaxidae. MolluscaBase eds. (2020). MolluscaBase. Edentulina L. Pfeiffer, 1856. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Spe ...

praslina'' Gerlach & van Bruggen, 1999 - Seychelles. * '' Ptychotrema pseudosilvaticum'' Adam, van Bruggen & van Goethem, 1994 - Zaire .R. Congo * ''

reservae'' Gerlach & van Bruggen, 1999''Zoologische Verhandelingen'' Leiden 328: 17. - Seychelles. * ''

Gulella ruwenzoriensis ''Gulella'' is a genus of very small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Streptaxidae.MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Gulella L. Pfeiffer, 1856. Accessed through: World Register of Marine ...

'' van Bruggen & van Goethem, 1999 - D.R. Congo. * '' Streptostele sanctuarii'' van Bruggen, 1966 - South Africa. * '' Gulella selene'' van Bruggen & van Goethem, 1999 - D.R. Congo. * ''

silhouettae'' Gerlach & van Bruggen, 1999 - Seychelles. * ''

Silhouettia ''Silhouettia silhouettae'' is a species of air-breathing land snail, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Streptaxidae. ''Silhouettia silhouettae'' is the only species within the genus ''Silhouettia''. Distribution ''S ...

'' Gerlach & van Bruggen, 1999 - type species ''Streptaxis'' (''Imperturbatia'') ''constans'' var. ''silhouettae'' Von Martens, 1898. Gulella streptostelopsis shell 2

* ''

Gulella streptostelopsis ''Gulella streptostelopsis'' is a species of minute air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial animal, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Streptaxidae. ''Gulella streptostelopsis'' was described by Adolph Cornelis van Bruggen in ...

'' van Bruggen, 2007 - Malawi. * ''

Gulella sursum ''Gulella'' is a genus of very small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial animal, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Streptaxidae.MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Gulella L. Pfeiffer, 1856. Accessed through: World Reg ...

'' van Bruggen, 2001 - Malawi. * ''

Gulella systemanaturae ''Gulella systemanaturae'' is a species of minute air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial animal, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Streptaxidae. ''Gulella systemanaturae'' was described by Adolph Cornelis van Bruggen in 2008 ...

'' van Bruggen, 2008 Malawi. * '' Ptychotrema tanganyikae'' Adam, van Bruggen & van Goethem, 1995 - Zaire .R. Congo * ''

Gulella elliptica ''Gulella'' is a genus of very small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Streptaxidae.MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Gulella L. Pfeiffer, 1856. Accessed through: World Register of Marine ...

tesserula'' van Bruggen, 1980 - South Africa. * '' Gulella turriformis'' van Bruggen & van Goethem, 1999 - D.R. Congo. * ''

Gulella udzungwensis ''Gulella'' is a genus of very small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial animal, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Streptaxidae.MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Gulella L. Pfeiffer, 1856. Accessed through: World Reg ...

'' van Bruggen, 2003 - Tanzania. * '' Ptrychotrema upembae'' Adam, van Bruggen & van Goethem, 1993 - D.R. Congo. * ''

Gulella verdcourti ''Gulella'' is a genus of very small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Streptaxidae.MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Gulella L. Pfeiffer, 1856. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Spec ...

'' van Bruggen, 1966 - South Africa. * ''

Gulella virungae ''Gulella'' is a genus of very small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Streptaxidae.MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Gulella L. Pfeiffer, 1856. Accessed through: World Register of Marine ...

'' van Bruggen & van Goethem, 1999 - D.R. Congo. * '' Gulella wendalinae'' van Bruggen, 1975 - South Africa.

Achatinidae

* '' Archachatina aenigmatica'' van Bruggen, 1977 - Rhodesia imbabwe * '' Achatina coroca'' van Bruggen, 1978 - Angola. * '' Archachatina ustulata limitanea'' van Bruggen, 1984 - South Africa. * '' Archachatina montistempli'' van Bruggen, 1965 - South Africa. * '' Archachatina omissa'' van Bruggen, 1965 South Africa. * '' Archachatina sanctaeluciae'' van Bruggen, 1989 - South Africa.

Maizaniidae

* '' Neomaizania coryli'' van Bruggen, 1985 - Malawi. * '' Maizaniella erroris'' van Bruggen, 1982 - Liberia. * '' Maizaniella hiemalis'' van Bruggen, 1990 - Guinée uinea * '' Maizaniella iterum'' van Bruggen, 1991 - Gabon. * '' Maizaniella machadoi'' van Bruggen, 1982 - Angola. * '' Macromaizaniella'' van Bruggen, 1982 - type species ''Cyclophorus preussi'' Von Martens, 1892. * '' Neomaizania'' van Bruggen, 1985 - type species '' Neomaizania coryli'' van Bruggen, 1985. * '' Maizaniella poensis'' van Bruggen, 1982''Proceedings of the Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen'' (C) 85: 199. - Fernando Poo ioko, Equatorial Guinea * '' Pteromaizaniella'' van Bruggen, 1982 - type species ''Maizaniella'' (''Pteromaizaniella'') ''poensis'' van Bruggen, 1982. * ''

Maizania scalarioidea ''Maizania'' is a genus of gastropods belonging to the family Maizaniidae. The species of this genus are found in Africa. Species: *'' Maizania angolensis'' *'' Maizania chondrocycloides'' *'' Maizania depressa'' *''Maizania elatior'' *'' M ...

'' van Bruggen, 1983 - Malawi. * '' Spirulozania'' van Bruggen, 1982 - type species ''Cyclophorus lilliputianus'' Morelet, 1873.

Other land gastropods

* ''

Truncatellina adami ''Truncatellina'' is a genus of very small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Truncatellinidae.MolluscaBase (2018). Truncatellina R. T. Lowe, 1852. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species ...

'' van Bruggen, 1994 - Fernando Poo ioko, Equatorial Guinea (Stylommatophora,

Vertiginidae Vertiginidae, common name the whorl snails, is a family of minute, air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs or micromollusks in the superfamily Pupilloidea. Distribution The distribution of the Vertiginidae is in the ...

). * '' Punctum adami'' van Bruggen & Van Goethem, 2001, D.R. Congo, (Stylommatophora,

Punctidae Punctidae, common name the "dot snails" or "pinhead snails", is a family of minute air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the informal group Sigmurethra (according to the taxonomy of the Ga ...

). * '' Afroconulus'' Van Mol & van Bruggen, 1971 - type species ''Sitala diaphana'' Connolly, 1922, (Stylommatophora,

Euconulidae Euconulidae is a taxonomic family of minute, air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the superfamily Trochomorphoidea. This land snail family is closely allied to the Zonitidae, the glass snails. ...

). * '' Afroguppya'' de Winter & van Bruggen, 1992 - type species ''Thapsia rumrutiensis'' Preston, 1911, (Stylommatophora, Euconulidae). * '' Curvella amicitiae'' van Bruggen, 1968 - South Africa, (Stylommatophora,

Subulinidae Subulininae is a subfamily of small tropical air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Achatinidae. Distribution Worldwide.

). * '' Carinazingis'' van Bruggen & de Winter, 1990 - type species ''Carinazingis regalis'' van Bruggen & de Winter, 1990, (Stylommatophora,

Urocyclidae Urocyclidae is a family of air-breathing land snails, semi-slugs and land slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Helicarionoidea, (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005). Some spec ...

). * '' Chondrocyclus chirindae'' van Bruggen, 1986 - Zimbabwe, (Caenogastropoda,

). * '' Zingis chirindensis'' van Bruggen & Verdcourt, 1968 - Rhodesia imbabwe (Stylommatophora,

). * '' Rachis cunctatoris'' van Bruggen, 1975 - Malawi, (Stylommatophora,

Cerastidae Cerastidae is a family of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the order Stylommatophora.MolluscaBase eds. (2020). MolluscaBase. Cerastidae Wenz, 1923. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http ...

). * '' Dendrotrichia'' van Bruggen & Verdcourt, 1965,''Zoologische Mededelingen'' Leiden 40: 219. type species ''Trachycystis'' (''Dendrotrichia'') ''sylvicola'' van Bruggen & Verdcourt, 1965 (Stylommatophora,

Charopidae Charopidae is a taxonomic family of small air-breathing land snails (and semi-slugs such as ''Otoconcha dimidiata''), terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Punctoidea.MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Charopidae Hutt ...

). * '' Sculptaria fumarium'' van Bruggen & Rolán, 2003 - Namibia, (Stylommatophora, Sculptariidae). * '' Fauxulus grayi'' van Bruggen & Meredith, 1983 - Malawi, (Stylommatophora,

Orculidae Orculidae is a family of mostly minute, air-breathing, land snails; terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Pupilloidea. MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Orculidae Pilsbry, 1918. Accessed through: World Register of Mar ...

). * '' Pseudoglessula haackei'' van Bruggen, 1966 - South Africa, (Stylommatophora,

Subulinidae Subulininae is a subfamily of small tropical air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Achatinidae. Distribution Worldwide.

). * '' Pseudoglessula hamiltoni'' van Bruggen, 1966 - South Africa, (Stylommatophora,

Subulinidae Subulininae is a subfamily of small tropical air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Achatinidae. Distribution Worldwide.

). * '' Trachycystis langi'' van Bruggen, 1994 - South Africa, (Stylommatophora,

). * '' Pseudoglessula libera'' Solem & van Bruggen, 1976 - Guinea uinée (Stylommatophora,

Subulinidae Subulininae is a subfamily of small tropical air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Achatinidae. Distribution Worldwide.

). * '' Chondrocyclus meredithae'' van Bruggen, 1983 - Malawi, (Caenogastropoda,

). * '' Trachycystis montissalinarum'' van Bruggen, 2002 - South Africa, (Stylommatophora,

). * '' Phortion occidentalis'' van Bruggen, 1982 - South Africa, (Stylommatophora,

). * '' Asperitas trochus parvinsularis'' van Bruggen, 1976 - Indonesia, (Stylommatophora,

Ariophantidae Ariophantidae is a taxonomic family of air-breathing land snails and semi-slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Helicarionoidea (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005). Distribution ...

). * '' Cerastua procrastinationis'' van Bruggen, 1993 - Malawi, (Stylommatophora,

). * Prestonellidae van Bruggen, 1978 is not available name. Type genus is '' Prestonella'' Connolly, 1929. Prestonellidae has been considered as a synonym for

Aillyidae Aillyidae is a family of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the informal group Sigmurethra. Aillyidae is the only family in the superfamily Aillyoidea. This family and the genus is named in honor of Swedish m ...

according to the taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi (2005). * Prestonellinae van Bruggen, Herbert & Breure, 2016Bruggen A. C. van, Herbert D. G. & Breure A. S. H. (2016). "Prestonellinae – validation of the name as a new subfamily of Bothriembryontidae (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Orthalicoidea)". ''

Zootaxa ''Zootaxa'' is a peer-reviewed scientific mega journal for animal taxonomists. It is published by Magnolia Press (Auckland, New Zealand). The journal was established by Zhi-Qiang Zhang in 2001 and new issues are published multiple times a week. ...

'' 4084: 590–592. * '' Carinazingis regalis'' van Bruggen & de Winter, 1990 - Malawi, (Stylommatophora,

). * '' Afroguppya solemi'' de Winter & van Bruggen, 1992 - Togo, (Stylommatophora,

). * '' Trachycystis sylvicola'' van Bruggen & Verdcourt, 1965 - S. Rhodesia imbabwe (Stylommatophora,

). * '' Curvella transvaalensis'' van Bruggen, 1978 - South Africa, (Stylommatophora,

Subulinidae Subulininae is a subfamily of small tropical air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Achatinidae. Distribution Worldwide.

). * '' Cyathopoma tres'' van Bruggen, 2008 - Malawi, (Caenogastropoda,

Marine gastropods

* '' Pyrene sorongensis'' van Bruggen, 1956 - West New Guinea ndonesia, Papua(Caenogastropoda,

Columbellidae The Columbellidae, the dove snails or dove shells, are a family of minute to small sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the order Neogastropoda.Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S. (2010). Columbellidae. In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2010) Wo ...

Bivalves

* ''

Pecten sulcicostatus ''Pecten sulcicostatus'', the South African scallop, is a species of large scallops or saltwater clams. They are marine bivalve molluscs in the family Pectinidae Scallop () is a common name that encompasses various species of marine bivalve ...

'' var. ''casa'' van Bruggen, 1961 - South Africa, (Bivalvia,

Pectinidae Scallop () is a common name that encompasses various species of marine bivalve mollusks in the taxonomic family Pectinidae, the scallops. However, the common name "scallop" is also sometimes applied to species in other closely related families ...

Insects

* '' Afromelittodes'' Oldroyd & van Bruggen, 1963, type species '' Afromelittodes solis'' Oldroyd & van Bruggen, 1963 (Diptera,

Asilidae The Asilidae are the robber fly family, also called assassin flies. They are powerfully built, bristly flies with a short, stout proboscis enclosing the sharp, sucking hypopharynx. The name "robber flies" reflects their notoriously aggressive pre ...

). * '' Pyrgotina antidorcas'' van Bruggen, 1961 - South Africa - Northern Cape. (Diptera,

Pyrgotidae The Pyrgotidae are an unusual family of flies (Diptera), one of only two families of Cyclorrhapha that lack ocelli. Most species are "picture-winged" (i.e., have patterns of bands or spots on the wings), as is typical among the Tephritoidea, but ...

). * '' Atriangulum'' van Bruggen, 1960 - type species: '' Atriangulum brevicostatum'' van Bruggen, 1960 (Diptera, Cryptochaetidae). * '' Cryptochaetum brevicostatum'' van Bruggen, 1960 - South Africa - Gauteng, (Diptera, Cryptochaetidae). * '' Cryptochaetum capense'' van Bruggen, 1960 - South Africa - Eastern Cape Province, (Diptera, Cryptochaetidae). * '' Caenis demoulini'' van Bruggen, 1954 - Thailand, (Ephemeroptera,

Caenidae Caenidae, or the small squaregill mayflies, is a family of insects consisting of 5 genera comprising 26 individual species. They are found throughout the world in lotic, depositional environments, and they are sprawlers. Caenids occur in quiet an ...

). * '' Cryptochaetum mixtum'' van Bruggen, 1960 - South Africa - Free State, (Diptera, Cryptochaetidae). * '' Tephritopyrgota munroi'' van Bruggen, 1961 - South Africa - Gauteng, (Diptera, Pyrgotidae). * '' Cloeon navasi'' van Bruggen, 1957 -

Zhejiang Zhejiang ( or , ; , also romanized as Chekiang) is an eastern, coastal province of the People's Republic of China. Its capital and largest city is Hangzhou, and other notable cities include Ningbo and Wenzhou. Zhejiang is bordered by Jiang ...

, China, (Ephemeroptera,

Baetidae Baetidae is a family of mayfly, mayflies with about 1000 described species in 110 genera distributed worldwide. These are among the smallest of mayflies, adults rarely exceeding 10 mm in length excluding the two long slender tails and someti ...

). * '' Tasmanocaenis novaeguineae'' van Bruggen, 1957 - Indonesia, Irian Jaya (West New Guinea), (Ephemeroptera,

). * '' Prohypotyphla pallidipennis'' van Bruggen, 1961 - South Africa - Limpopo Province, (Diptera, Pyrgotidae). * '' Cloeon papuanum'' van Bruggen, 1957 - Indonesia, Irian Jaya (West New Guinea), (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae). * '' Chrysopilus rhodesiensis'' van Bruggen, 1960 - Zimbabwe, (Diptera,

Rhagionidae Rhagionidae or snipe flies are a small family of flies. They get their name from the similarity of their often prominent proboscis that looks like the beak of a snipe. Description Rhagionidae are medium-sized to large flies with slender bodies a ...

). * '' Afromelittodes solis'' Oldroyd & van Bruggen, 1963 - South Africa - NorthWest Province, (Diptera,

). * '' Cryptochaetum utilis'' van Bruggen, 1960 - South Africa - KwaZulu-Natal, (Cryptochaetidae). * '' Neosciara wendalinae'' van Bruggen, 1954 - the Netherlands, (Diptera, Lycoriidae).

Plants

* '' Payena gigas'' van Bruggen, 1958 - Malaysia (Borneo: Sabah), (

). * '' Payena lamii'' van Bruggen, 1958 - Malaysia (Borneo: Sarawak), (Sapotaceae). * '' Pupureopayena'' van Bruggen, 1958 - the type species: '' Pupureopayena dasyphylla'' (Miquel) Pierre, 1885 (Sapotaceae).

Taxa named in honour

The following taxa have been named in honour (

eponym An eponym is a person, a place, or a thing after whom or which someone or something is, or is believed to be, named. The adjectives which are derived from the word eponym include ''eponymous'' and ''eponymic''. Usage of the word The term ''epon ...

s) of Dolf van Bruggen: ;Arachnida * '' Hamataliwa vanbruggeni'' Deeleman-Reinhold, 2009 Type locality: Malaysian Borneo, W. Sabah, Mt.Kinabalu area, Sorinsim (Arachnida,

Oxyopidae Lynx spider (Oxyopidae) is a family of araneomorph spiders first described by Tamerlan Thorell in 1870. Most species make little use of webs, instead spending their lives as hunting spiders on plants. Many species frequent flowers in particular, ...

). ;Diplopoda * '' Spinotarsus bruggenorum'' Kraus, 1966 Type locality: Zululand, Ndumu Game Reserve, Engabateni forest (

Diplopoda Millipedes are a group of arthropods that are characterised by having two pairs of jointed legs on most body segments; they are known scientifically as the class Diplopoda, the name derived from this feature. Each double-legged segment is a resu ...

). ;Insecta * '' Diopsis vanbruggeni'' H. R. Feijen & C. Feijen, 2009 Type locality: Malawi, Ntchisi rainforest, small tributary stream of Mahatope River (Diptera,

Diopsidae Stalk-eyed flies are insects of the fly family Diopsidae. The family is distinguished from most other flies by most members of the family possessing "eyestalks": projections from the sides of the head with the eyes at the end. Some fly species fr ...

). * '' Notiophygus vanbruggeni'' John, 1964 Type locality: Zululand (Coleoptera, Discolomidae) axon mentioned in the Zoological Record, but not found in publication * '' Phaenocarpa vanbruggeni'' van Achterberg, 2009 Type locality: Madagascar, Tanatare, Périnet (Hymenoptera,

Braconidae The Braconidae are a family of parasitoid wasps. After the closely related Ichneumonidae, braconids make up the second-largest family in the order Hymenoptera, with about 17,000 recognized species and many thousands more undescribed. One analysis ...

). * '' Selinda bruggeni'' Theron, 1986 Type locality: Zimbabwe, Chirinda Forest, Mount Selinda (Homoptera, Cicadellidae). * '' Termitotrox vanbruggeni'' Krikken, 2008 Type locality: Kenya, Karen (Coleoptera,

Scarabaeidae The family Scarabaeidae, as currently defined, consists of over 30,000 species of beetles worldwide; they are often called scarabs or scarab beetles. The classification of this family has undergone significant change in recent years. Several sub ...

). ;Gastropoda * '' Apera bruggeni'' Forcart, 1967 Type locality: South Africa, Limpopo Prov. ( Chlamydephoridae). * '' Bruggenina'' Mead, 2004 Type species by original designation '' Archachatina sandgroundi'' Bequaert, 1950 (

). * ''

Bruggennea ''Bruggennea'' is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Streptaxidae. The generic name ''Bruggennea'' is in honor of Dutch malacologist Adolph Cornelis van Bruggen. Distribution The dist ...

'' Dance, 1972 Type species by original designation: '' Sinoennea laidlawi'' Dance, 1970 ( Streptaxidae). * '' Centrafricarion bruggeni'' Van Mol, 1970 Type locality: Malawi, Nyika Plateau, Zozu Chipolo Forest (

). * '' Chrysallida vanbruggeni'' van Aartsen & Corgan, 1996 New name for ''

Odostomia ornata ''Odostomia'' is the most speciose genus of minute sea snails, pyramidellid gastropod mollusks. This genus is placed in the family Pyramidellidae in the subfamily Odostomiinae. There are several hundred species in this diverse genus (Schander et ...

'' Turton, 1932 not H. & A. Adams, 1853 (

Pyramidellidae Pyramidellidae, common name the pyram family, or pyramid shells, is a voluminous taxonomic family of mostly small and minute ectoparasitic sea snails, marine heterobranch gastropod molluscs. The great majority of species of pyrams are micromol ...

). * '' Cingula bruggeni'' Verduin, 1984 Type locality: Spain, Strait of Gibraltar, Tarifa (

Rissoidae Rissoidae is a large family of very small and minute sea snails with an operculum, marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Rissooidea and the order Littorinimorpha Littorinimorpha is a large order of snails, gastropods, consisting pr ...

). * '' Cyclostremiscus vanbruggeni'' De Jong & Coomans, 1988 Type locality: Caribbean Sea (

Tornidae Tornidae is a family (biology), family of very small and minute sea snails with an Operculum (gastropod), operculum, marine (ocean), marine gastropod mollusks in the clade Littorinimorpha. This family used to be known as the Vitrinellidae.Bouchet ...

* '' Chloritis vanbruggeni'' Maassen, 2009 Type locality: Indonesia, Central Sulawesi, Pulau slandPeleng, Gunung ountTatarandang (

Camaenidae Camaenidae is a family of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Helicoidea, the typical snails and their allies. This is one of the most diverse families in the clade Stylommatophora. These ...

). * ''

Gulella bruggeni ''Gulella'' is a genus of very small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Streptaxidae.MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Gulella L. Pfeiffer, 1856. Accessed through: World Register of Marine ...

'' Cole & Herbert, 2009 Type locality: South Africa, E. Cape, Transkei, Hluleka Nature Reserve (Streptaxidae). * '' Gulella mkuu'' Rowson, Seddon & Tattersfield, 2009Rowson B., Seddon M. B. & Tattersfield P. (2009). "A new species of Gulella (Pulmonata: Streptaxidae) from montane forest in the Ndoto Mountains, Kenya". Zoologische Mededelingen'' 83''
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. Type locality: Kenya, Rift Valley Province, Samburu District, Ndoto Mountains (Streptaxidae). Dedication in the reference include: "From Swahili noun or adjective ''mkuu'', meaning great, principal, elder, chief, etc. As a noun in apposition, with reference to the size of the shell, but also to Dr A.C. van Bruggen, a distinguished and esteemed contributor to African malacology." * '' Inchoatia megdova bruggeni'' Gittenberger & Uit de Weerd, 2009 Type locality: Greece, Thessalia, Trikala, 7.5 km WNW of Pyli (= Pili), 8.5 km S of Elati along road to Agh. Prokopios (

Clausiliidae Clausiliidae, also known by their common name the door snails, are a taxonomic family of small, very elongate, mostly left-handed, air-breathing land snails, sinistral terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks.MolluscaBase eds. (2020). MolluscaBa ...

). * '' Mitrella bruggeni'' van Aartsen, Menkhorst & Gittenberger, 1984 New name for ''Mitrella broderipi'' auct. not Sowerby, 1844 (

). * ''

Parennea vanbruggeni ''Parennea'' is a genus of air-breathing land snails, Terrestrial animal, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Streptaxidae. Distribution The distribution of the genus ''Parennea'' is Afrotropical.Sutcharit C., Naggs F., Wa ...

'' de Winter, 2008 Type locality: Cameroon, Sud Province, Meka’a-II, W of Nyangong (Streptaxidae). * ''Plekocheilus'' (''Eurytus'') ''bruggeni'' Breure, 1978 Type locality: Peru, Dept. Pasco, Huancabamba (

Orthalicidae Orthalicidae (orthalicid land snails) are a family of tropical air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks are classified in the subfamily Orthalicoidea of the order Stylommatophora. MolluscaBase eds. (2021). Mollusca ...

). ;Bivalvia * '' Sunetta bruggeni'' Fischer-Piette, 1974Fischer-Piette E. (1974). "Sur les Veneridae de l’océan indien occidental (Mollusca, Pelecypoda)". ''Tethys'' 5: 267–316. New name for '' Sunetta ovalis'' Sowerby, 1892 not Martin, 1880 (

Veneridae The Veneridae or venerids, common name: Venus clams, are a very large family of minute to large, saltwater clams, marine bivalve molluscs. Over 500 living species of venerid bivalves are known, most of which are edible, and many of which are e ...

References

This article incorporates CC-BY-3.0 text from the reference.Breure A. S. H., Gittenberger E., Maassen W. J. M. & de Winter A. J. (July 2009) "In and out of Africa: Dr A.C. van Bruggen, keen educator and eminent biologist". ''

Zoologische Mededelingen ''Zoologische Mededelingen'' was a peer-reviewed open access scientific journal publishing papers and monographs on animal systematics. The publisher was the National Museum of Natural History Naturalis in the Netherlands. The first issue appeared ...

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External links

Articles by A. C. van Bruggen
at

Naturalis Naturalis Biodiversity Center ( nl, Nederlands Centrum voor Biodiversiteit Naturalis) is a national museum of natural history and a research center on biodiversity in Leiden, Netherlands. It was named the European Museum of the Year 2021. Alth ...

Digital Repository * Breure A. S. H., Gittenberger E. & Winter A. J. de (2016). "In memoriam Dr A.C. van Bruggen 1929-2016". ''Basteria'' 80: 161–170. {{DEFAULTSORT:Bruggen, Adolph Cornelis van 1929 births 2016 deaths Dutch malacologists Dutch entomologists 20th-century Dutch botanists Scientists from The Hague Leiden University alumni